The Mixmaster Universe is Chaotic
Abstract
For the past decade there has been a considerable debate about the existence of chaos in the mixmaster cosmological model. The debate has been hampered by the coordinate, or observer, dependence of standard chaotic indicators such as Lyapunov exponents. Here we use coordinate-independent, fractal methods to show the mixmaster universe is indeed chaotic.
- Publication:
-
Physical Review Letters
- Pub Date:
- February 1997
- DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.998
- arXiv:
- arXiv:gr-qc/9605029
- Bibcode:
- 1997PhRvL..78..998C
- Keywords:
-
- General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;
- Astrophysics;
- Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
- E-Print:
- 4 pages, RevTeX, 3 figures included. New presentation, same results