Frequency-domain description of a lock-in amplifier
Abstract
The basic principles behind the operation of a lock-in amplifier are described. Particular emphasis is placed on looking at the frequency components of the signal present at the various stages of the lock-in during a typical measurement. The description presented here has been used successfully to explain lock-in operation to upper-level laboratory students at Oberlin College.
- Publication:
-
American Journal of Physics
- Pub Date:
- February 1994
- DOI:
- 10.1119/1.17629
- Bibcode:
- 1994AmJPh..62..129S
- Keywords:
-
- 01.50.Pa;
- 84.30.Le;
- Laboratory experiments and apparatus;
- Amplifiers