Constitutive relations for the plastic deformation of metals

The application of dislocation mechanics leads to simple constitutive relations for metals which describe reasonably well the basic features of metal deformation, including the flow stress and tensile instability strain as functions of temperature, strain rate, and grain size. The equations have been applied to describing the stress/strain behavior of the fcc metals copper and aluminum, the bcc metals iron, tantalum, and tungsten, the hcp metals titanium and zirconium, and alloy steels HY-80, HY-100, and HY-130.