Spatial forms of bodies with minimal surface heating during hypersonic motion in the atmosphere

Consideration is given to the problem of optimizing the form of spatial bodies under the condition of minimum summary (convective and radiation) heat flux toward the surface along the trajectory in the earth atmosphere. It is shown that the optimal form has a summary heat flux of 25-33 percent less, wave drag of 9-18 per cent less, and friction drag of 11-20 percent less than the equivalent axisymmetric form.