The global Sun.

After a definition of the various terms used to identify the solar layers, from the center to the exterior, and a physical description of these layers, the author shows that various couplings are controlling the physics in the core and the outer layers, and even the planets. One of these couplings is between convection, rotation and magnetism (the dynamo), and another coupling is between solar activity and planetary physics. These couplings allow to use observed data (oscillations, neutrinos, emergence of active regions, and of course their evolution) to infer properties of the solar interior. The theoretical knowledge of the Sun must take into account the existence of these couplings, as well as the existence of another type of coupling, the one that links the past and the present states of our Sun.