Nucleation of vortices at the A-B phase boundary in superfluid He-3: Nonconservation of circulation and vortices with soliton tails in the B phase

The reversible A reversible to B phase transitions under rotation was studied with nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The A yields B transition gives rise to a B phase state which contains: (1) only half of the equilibrium number of vortices; and (2) theta solitons attached to combined vortex disclination lines. The B yields A transition leads to the usual equilibrium state of continuous vortices. The observations support the hypothesis that only one half of a doubly quantized A phase vortex transforms to a singular B phase vortex at the A-B interface.