On the current conversion problem in charge density wave crystals. I. Solitons

The theory of solitons in crystallographically ordered charge density waves (CDW) at low temperatures is developed. Various types of solitons, which appear in a course of electron's self-trapping, are described. The adaptation of CDW media to the formation of π- and π- solitons is considered. A model independent approach is suggested to describe interactions of solitons with the Coulomb field and with phase deformations of CDW. The effects of screening, self-screening and commensurability are considered. Interactions between solitons and with impurities are described. Cases of attraction among solitons are found, which may lead to their aggregation into microscopical centers.