The Critical and the Saturation Content of Magnetic Monopoles in Rotating Relativistic Objects
Abstract
Both the critical content ζ c (ζ ≡N m /N B , whereN m ,N B are the total numbers of monopoles and nucleons, respectively, contained in the object), and the saturation content ζ s of monopoles in a rotating relativistic object are found in this paper. The results are: ζ _c = ζ _{c0} ( {1 - {4a^2 }/{R_g^2 }} )^{1/2} ,{{ }}ζ _{c0} equiv {{Gm_B } {/ {{Gm_B } {g_m }}} {g_m }} = 4.365 × 10^{ - 21} wherea is the specific angular momentum of the object;R g the Schwarzschild radius of the object;g m , the magnetic charge of a stable colourless monopoleg m =3hc/4πe.
(2) For a non-rotating object (a=0). ζ _s = ζ _n ( {1 - {{R_g } {/ {{R_g } R}}.)^{ - {{ }}1/2} when ( {{R {/ {R R}} R}_g } )^2 ≫ {{ 1 or }}ζ _s = sqrt 2 {{ }}β ^{ - {{ }}1/2} sqrt {R/{R_g }} ζ _n {{ when }}{R {/ {R R}} R}_g< 1 + β whereR is the radius of the object; ζ n , the Newtonian saturation content2 of like monopole, ζ _n = {{Gm_B m_m } {/ {{Gm_B m_m } {g_m^2 = 1.9 × 10^{ - 25} ( {{{m_m } {/ {{m_m } {10^{16} m_B }}} {10^{16} m_B }}} ),}}} {g_m^2 = 1.9 × 10^{ - 25} ( {{{m_m } {/ {{m_m } {10^{16} m_B }}} . {10^{16} m_B }}} ),}} \ β {{ = }}{{ζ _n } {/ {{ζ _n } {ζ _{c0} }}} {ζ _{c0} }} = 4.3 × 10^{ - 5} ( {{{m_m } {/ {{m_m } {10^{16} m_B }}} {10^{16} m_B }}} ) \ . Although the critical content cannot be reached, the induced nucleon decay by monopoles will prevent the massive objects (e.g., galactic nuclei and quasars) from collapsing into black holes (Penget al., 1986a, b). (3) For a rotating object, although the saturation content of monopoles is the same as above, the value of the critical content is greatly decreased for a fast rotating object. Due to the induced nucleon decay by monopoles, neither the horizon nor the central singularity exists for a collapsed object withR≤1/2R g which is rotating so fast that the conditiona>GM/c 2 [1 - (ζ/ζ cO )2]1/2 is satisfied. Those objects mainly radiate infrared radiation with rather strong γ-ray and X-ray.- Publication:
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Astrophysics and Space Science
- Pub Date:
- April 1989
- DOI:
- 10.1007/BF00642810
- Bibcode:
- 1989Ap&SS.154..271P
- Keywords:
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- Astronomical Models;
- Computational Astrophysics;
- Magnetic Monopoles;
- Relativistic Effects;
- Rotating Bodies;
- Angular Momentum;
- Cosmology;
- Galactic Nuclei;
- Particle Production;
- Schwarzschild Metric;
- Space-Time Functions;
- Astrophysics