a New Design of the University of Manitoba Cyclotron for Negative Deuterium Ion Acceleration and a Study for the Beam Extraction from the Princeton University Avf Cyclotron.

Two independent cyclotron upgrading projects are treated separately: a redesign of the University of Manitoba cyclotron for D- ion acceleration and a study of the beam extraction from the Princeton University AVF cyclotron. These two projects are described in part 1 and part 2 of this thesis, respectively. The first part includes the analysis of the magnetic field mapping data that was previously obtained from the University of Manitoba cyclotron, as well as systematic beam orbit dynamics studies, based on the improved magnetic field and the newly designed central dee-tips for the D - ion acceleration. These studies showed that after the upgrade program is finished, it will be possible to obtain in the University of Manitoba cyclotron a D- ion beam with substantial improvements in the available maximum energy, beam quality and transmission efficiency. The second part of this thesis first describes the extensive modifications that were made in the computer program that was previously used. The modified program can now be used over the full energy range of an AVF cyclotron. Then the upgraded computer code is utilized to carry simulative calculation for the reference particle and the beam in the phase space, from the ion source until after passage through the electro-static deflector of the Princeton University AVF cyclotron. On the basis of these studies, all the many parameters for the extraction system were optimized, and suggestions for further improvements are proposed.