Crucible-free methods of growing oxide crystals from the melt

Techniques for growing single crystals of refractory oxides with high melting points (1500 C or higher) are reviewed, with a focus on RF melting in a cold container and floating-zone methods. The theoretical bases of the methods are explained; diagrams and drawings of typical equipment are provided; and the growth conditions and properties of oxide crystals produced by these methods are listed in extensive tables.