The interaction of water with solid surfaces: Fundamental aspects
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to compare and discuss recent experimental and theoretical results in the field of H 2O-solid interactions. We emphasize studies of low (submonolayer) coverages of water on well-characterized, single-crystal surfaces of metals, semiconductors and oxides. We discuss the factors which influence dissociative versus associative adsorption pathways. When H 2O adsorbs molecularly, it tends to form three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded clusters, even at fractional monolayer coverages, because the strength of the attractive interaction between two molecules is comparable to that of the substrate-H 2O bond. The template effect of the substrate is important in determining both the local orientation and long-range order of H 2O molecules in these clusters. The influence of surface additive atoms (e.g., O, Br, Na, K) and also surface imperfections (e.g. steps and defects) on the surface structure and chemistry of H 2O is examined in detail. Some results on single-crystal substrates are compared with earlier measurements of H 2O adsorption on high-area materials.
- Publication:
-
Surface Science Reports
- Pub Date:
- October 1987
- DOI:
- 10.1016/0167-5729(87)90001-X
- Bibcode:
- 1987SurSR...7..211T