Two phase fuel penetration

Based upon experiments, the features of two-phase fuel penetration is described in this paper. It is found that there exist two mass center lines, one in liquid phase and another in vapor phase, extending downstream. Usually, these two lines do not coincide with each other, thus the resulting total fuel mass center line appears to be discontinuous. A correlation expression for predicting the outer boundary of a fuel spray is obtained, and an engineering method for estimating the fuel penetration distance is presented.