Surface renewal model for turbulent boundary-layer flow

The elementary surface renewal model is coupled with the classical mixing length representation of the turbulent core to develop an inner law for fully turbulent boundary layer flow having adverse and favorable pressure gradients. An attempt is made to develop and test the basic modeling approach for equilibrium and near-equilibrium flows with pressure gradients. The surface-renewal inner law is easily incorporated into numerical codes by using one of the equations presented in the wall region.