Projected aperture synthesis method for the design of conformal array antennas

The paper describes a pattern synthesis technique suitable for large conformal arrays. The problem of interest is that of forming various steerable antenna patterns by disturbing sources over the surface of a conducting cone. The synthesis technique is based upon using the Equivalence Principle of Schelkunoff to project a desired aperture distribution from a reference planar array located at the base of the cone, onto the conical surface. Ideally the far-field pattern of the conical conformal antenna is that of the planar array. Electronic scanning is accomplished by applying the necessary excitation algorithm, this is formulated by considering the projected aperture of the reference array, as it is mechanically rotated, on the cone. Discussion of the advantages and limitations of the method is given, and problems unique to conical arrays are also highlighted.