Marangoni convection in systems presenting a minimum in surface tension

The convective patterns in the case of flows induced by surface tension gradients created by a temperature difference imposed along a flat liquid gas interface are shown. Attention is focused especially on the effect of a minimum in surface tension occurring in the neighborhood of the mean working temperature. All the results are obtained theoretically using a finite differences method, with various sets of dimensionless numbers, including zero and nonzero gravity conditions. A particular set of these dimensionless numbers corresponds to the classical Marangoni conditions (linear variation of surface tension with temperature).