S-Band circularly polarized microstrip phased array

An S-Band phased array has been developed which is very efficient, has excellent scanning performance, can be steered electronically in both azimuth and elevation, and is very thin. Using microstrip elements, phase shifters and a combiner network, the following design requirements were satisfied: operation at 2.2 to 2.3 GHz, right-hand polarization with axial ratio less than 3 dB, scan volume plus or minus 60 degrees in elevation and plus or minus 10 degrees in azimuth, efficiency greater than 60 percent at midband and greater than 50 percent at the band edges, scan performance with less than 2 dB loss out of 45 degree elevation scan angles, ability to operate in ground mobile environment, and quantity production possible at reasonable cost.