Possibility of realization of highly-directional antenna arrays

The results are reported of experiments conducted in a chamber with a coefficient of reflection of -20 kb at 1 GHz on axial linear equidistant arrays of 2, 3 and 4 elements with maximum directional gain. Allowance is made for a priori information by determining the mutual influence of the radiators and errors in the tuning of the array. A mathematical model is developed which can be used to determine the potential capabilities of highly directional systems. It is shown analytically that maximum directional gain for a linear equidistant array of isotropic elements spaced d=0.5 lambda apart can be achieved in a highly directional array with dimensions reduced by factors of approximately 10 to 50 while varying the value of gamma from 10(-1) to 10(-4). The analytical and experimental data provide evidence that miniature antenna systems with enhanced frequency selectivity and directivity can be developed.