Development of a turbulence near-wall model and its application to separated and reattached flows

A numerical study is reported of flow and heat transfer in the separated and reattached flows created by an abrupt pipe expansion. In the study attention has been given primarily to the development of turbulence near-wall models based on the wall function. An efficient numerical method is also employed for the computation of high-velocity flows. The computed results are compared with experimental data obtained earlier. Generally, better results are obtained by employing the present near-wall models, and among them the three-layer model is superior to the two-layer one.