Detecting and analyzing signals at millimeter-wave frequencies

At the lower power levels generally found at millimeter-wave frequencies, whisker-contacted honeycomb or planar beam-lead Schottky diodes perform well as detectors. Normally Schottky diodes are operated with a zero or small forward voltage bias. The design of mixers is considered along with approaches used in the transfer of signals from one place to another, and procedures for testing signals. Attention is given to an in-line hybrid mixer, a broadband probe-coupled mixer, a dielectric-loaded cross-bar mixer, a receiver protector, a Faraday rotation device, lens antennas used in applications through 250 GHz, and a scalar network measurement system.