Surface duct radar propagation modeling

Predictions are given for microwave propagation in the vicinity of surface ducts of the evaporation type. These results are made possible because of the development of a code at APL called EMPE (Electromagnetic Parabolic Equation). Coverage diagrams and propagation loss curves are displayed which yield quantitative propagation loss results inside and above the duct. A 3 gigahertz antenna is used at heights of 40 ft. and 100 ft. which is either inside or above the duct. A highlight of the predictions is the result for propagation loss about ducts with horizontally inhomogeneous structure. The capability is demonstrated to simulate and diagnose the behavior of radar waves in the surface ducting environment in a fashion which incorporates physical optics. The results permit insight to be gained for clutter mitigation and for radar systems' coverage.