Trends in half-Ariane class communication satellites

Satellites intended for launch by Ariane boosters possessing only half the full number of stages are faced by a length constraint which has several immediate consequences for their design. Long antennas are not feasible, and the inertia ratio along the axis of symmetry, being higher than unity, allows a stable spin configuration in transfer orbit to be achieved. Attention is given to optimum satellite dimensioning and propellant loading, typical mass and power breakdown, and the prospective incorporation of state-of-the-art technologies into these 'medium class' satellites.