Pion Elastic and Inelastic Scattering from Calcium -40,42,44,48 and IRON-54.

Differential cross sections were measured for pion elastic and inelastic scattering from ('40,42,44,48)Ca and ('54)Fe at T(,(pi)) = 116.0, 180.0, and 292.5 MeV. The ground states were analyzed using a Kisslinger potential with and without free parameters. The low-lying collective states were analyzed using a distorted wave impulse approximation with no free parameters and transition densities obtained from electron and proton scattering data. These analyses adequately reproduced the pion scattering data. Ground -state neutron density rms radii were estimated and compared with a theoretical calculation and analyses of proton, alpha, pion, and pionic x-ray data. Proton and neutron multipole matrix elements were extracted from the 2(,1)('+) and 3(,1)('-) states in ('42,44,48)Ca and compared with tabulated electromagnetic matrix elements. Model-dependent errors are examined by comparing the results of calculations using collective-model form factors with those using form factors fitted to electron and proton scattering data.