Phase Conjugation by Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing in a Ruby Crystal.

A study of phase conjugation by degenerate four -wave mixing in a ruby crystal, using a c. w. argon laser, is presented. Expressions and experimental data for the phase conjugation reflectivity in isotropic and anisotropic orientations of the crystal have been obtained. Temperature effects and their influence on the phase conjugation have been discussed. As an application, the reconstruction of a microscopic object was experimentally performed, using a speckle averaging technique to improve the image resolution.