Matching networks in linear phased arrays

A linear phased array has properties that are different from those of the planar phased array. General relationships for linear array element gain are derived. The effects of interconnecting and matching networks on linear array performance are studied to show how the network parameters can be optimized to produce near flat response over a wide scan angle. Arrays of lambda/2 dipoles or slots are analyzed, with the result that the realized element gains may be designed to be about 0 dB above isotropic for all scan angles in marked improvement over the ideal cos theta variation of planar arrays.