Emergency evacuation flow models

Four emergency evacuation flow models developed by the National Bureau of Standards and the National Research Council of Canada are described. The four are: EVACNET, a network optimization model designed to evaluate mass evacuation flows in large complex buildings; BFIRES-2, a simulation model designed for smaller facilities with emphasis on the decision process and resultant actions; Escape and Rescue Model, a network model capable of simulating both egress of capable persons and rescue of those needing assistance; and Effective Width Model, a formula for determining the egress capacity of stairwells.