Effective field use of high range water reduced concrete

The experience of the Virginia Department of Highways and Transportation with the use of high range water reduced (HRWR) concrete is described as well as the installation of the HRWR concrete in two pavements and four bridge decks. The results of evaluative tests are included along with recommendations concerning the further use of HRWR concrete. On the average the HRWR concrete placed in the field with conventional equipment was properly consolidated and controlled. However, because of the unanticipated variability of the concrete, portions of the concrete exhibited inadequate consolidation, segregated mixture components, improperly entrained air, shrinkage cracks, and poor finishes. Specimens subjected to cycles of freezing and thawing showed low durability factors that were attributed to an unsatisfactory air void system. Subsequent laboratory work revealed that HRWR admixtures satisfied the requirements of ASTM C494.