Vertical turbulent buoyant jets: A review of experimental data

Experimental data on vertical turbulent buoyant jets issuing into calm neutral or stably stratified environments are reviewed critically. Both plane and axisymmetric jets are included, and the whole Froude number range from the pure jet to the pure plume is covered. Similarity and scaling laws are introduced and the experimental data are interpreted according to these laws. Measurements of the following quantities are reviewed: rate of spread, lateral profile of velocity, temperature or species concentration, velocity, temperature of concentration along the axis of the jet, and turbulent quantities such as fluctuating velocity and temperature, and turbulent shear and heat fluxes. Measurements of various experimenters are compared and examined for their reliability; the most reliable data are identified.