Analysis of transient heat loss in earth-sheltered structures

The two dimensional transient Fourier heat conduction equation was solved in Cartesian coordinates using an alternating direction implicit finite difference technique for several Earth sheltered building configurations. The model was computer coded and verified by comparing results with data taken from an instrumented conventional residence basement. The model considered variable soil properties, different types of below grade configurations, and various types, thicknesses, and locations of insulation. The model was used to analyze the thermal impact of varying levels of interior and exterior insulation on conventional basements, Earth bermed walls, and Earth covered structures. Local and integrated heat transfer through the exterior building envelope versus time of year are given as functions of construction materials, insulation, and soil geometry. Temperature distributions within the building envelope material and in the surrounding soil are presented versus time fo year. An economic analysis is also given to indicate the cost effectiveness of the insulation levels analyzed.