Sidelobe forming of the pattern of array antennas

A weighting function for gain maximization, with a reduced sidelobe, in given solid angles of an array antenna pattern is defined and interpreted. The theoretical possibility of an antenna array for which the complex excitations of the individual antenna elements are controlled is demonstrated. A transformation matrix for solid angle operation with constant additional damping is evaluated for the characteristic optimal sidelobe. An eigenvector analysis is posed, and mean values for sidelobe damping are determined which maximize directivity. Suboptimum sidelobe forming methods with estimated vectors are then considered due to reduced implementation costs.