Crystallographic contributions to the energy problem

Four specific areas of crystallographic research are discussed: radiation effects, electrolytes, superconductors, and catalysts. In any radiation environment a complete consideration should be given to the changes in materials properties as a function of time. Electron microscopy plays a central role in these investigations, but the information provided by small-angle scattering is necessary in obtaining a complete understanding of materials defects. Crystallography has made major contributions to the development of solid electrolytes, including complex silver compounds, titanates, niobates, and intercalation layer-type compounds. Attention is drawn to the beta-alumina system. The measurement of phonon dispersion curves by inelastic neutron scattering in the crystallographic investigation on high temperature superconductors is described. Crystallographic studies of the physical properties of heterogeneous catalysts such as gold and platinum are also discussed.