Experimental results about rain induced attenuation and improvement of calculation methods

To more accurately determine rain induced attenuation at frequencies above 10 GHz along the path of propagation, a model utilizing cylindrical cells in rain gages is described, and rain-attenuation charts based on the model are presented. Problems inherent in rain gages are discussed, including the up to 50% error expected when winds change the trajectory of raindrops (Jevon effect). It is proposed that rain rate distribution, when restricted to the period of time when it is raining, follows a log-normal law: values taken in Paris average 5.48% of the time over an 11-year period. Other supporting European data are also presented.