Interpretation of the turbulent flow in the viscous wall region as a driven flow

A physical understanding of the flow phenomena in the viscous wall region is of considerable importance because most of the turbulent energy production takes place in this region, and because the estimation of turbulent transport is vital in describing a number of turbulent processes such as heat and mass transfer at large Schmidt or Prandtl numbers, the wave induced variation in the pressure and shear stress at the surface of a small amplitude wave, drag reduction, and inertial deposition of particles on a solid surface.