Calibration of an automatic network analyser using transmission lines of unknown characteristic impedance, loss and dispersion

Two new methods of measurement correction using network analyzers are introduced. These methods do not require the use of elaborate calibration standards and may be used for measurement at other than the reference impedance of the measuring system. Measurement with these methods also permit the evaluation of the attenuation, the phase velocity, and the effective dielectric constant of transmission lines. Measurement results obtained using these methods compare well with the older established methods. A unified theory for the older methods is presented, and a procedure for measuring and calculating the fringing termination of open-circuit lines is derived.