Fault-tolerant digital hardware for on-board spacecraft applications, volume 1. Part 1: Introduction. Part 2: Conceptual review of fault-tolerant design. Part 3: Technology assessment

A conceptual review of fault-tolerant design techniques for space applications is presented. Three groups of design, all of which improve system reliability by the introduction of redundancy, were identified. These groups are labelled information redundancy, and modular redundancy. In addition to these techniques, the topics of fault diagnosis and reliability assessment are discussed. Existing technologies available for this problem area are assessed. Recommendations are made both on the manner in which highly reliable spaceborne equipment should be constructed and on the approach to be adopted in the reliability assessment of the hardware implementation of specific simple and fault-tolerant designs.