Characteristic winter electron concentration profiles of ionospheric D and E layers on the basis of radio wave propagation data
Abstract
Based on radio wave propagation data in the LF, MF, and HF ranges, electron density profiles are derived for characteristic winter conditions in medium latitudes between 65 and 110 km with low solar activity and solar zenith angles of 80 and 85 deg. Besides mean electron density profiles, profiles are also determined for days with extremely enhanced as well as extremely low absorption in the whole frequency range. Below 83 km the mean winter profile at a solar zenith angle of 80 deg is lower than the corresponding profile in summer, but above this height it is strongly enhanced. This enhancement of electron density together with the increase of the collision frequency in winter causes the winter anomaly well known from radio wave propagation measurements.
- Publication:
-
Zeitschrift fur Meteorologie
- Pub Date:
- 1976
- Bibcode:
- 1976ZeMet..26..231S
- Keywords:
-
- D Region;
- E Region;
- Ionospheric Electron Density;
- Radio Transmission;
- Annual Variations;
- Electromagnetic Absorption;
- Electron Density Profiles;
- Midlatitude Atmosphere;
- Solar Activity;
- Summer;
- Wave Propagation;
- Winter;
- Geophysics