Modern methods of fluid mechanics and their application in research and practice

Theoretical investigations in fluid mechanics involve usually the numerical solution of nonlinear partial differential equations with very complex boundary conditions. The computation of laminar flow processes is considered, taking into account the theoretical study of the flow in the case of the opening of a sluice gate. The calculation of turbulent flows is also discussed. The computational work involved is reduced by making use of temporal mean values. However, this approach introduces new unknowns and it is necessary to employ a turbulence model. The empirical constants of such a model must be determined with the aid of experiments. Attention is also given to the importance of a development of new computational methods, the necessity to develop new methods of measurement, optical experimental methods, and details regarding the Laser-Doppler anemometry.