Gridless retarding potential analyzer for use in very-low-energy charged particle detection
Abstract
The theory of the hyperbolic retarding potential analyzer in the electrostatic mode is developed in detail and verified in the laboratory. A monoenergetic electron beam is used for the laboratory investigation. The analyzer (acronym HARP) has advantages over other conventional electrostatic analyzers; among them are less contact potential influence and high throughput because of the symmetry shape of the analyzer. The most useful application of the HARP is in detecting low-energy charged particles. A sample of low-energy particle data obtained in the earth's ionosphere is given. 360
- Publication:
-
Review of Scientific Instruments
- Pub Date:
- September 1976
- DOI:
- Bibcode:
- 1976RScI...47.1005S
- Keywords:
-
- Electron Energy;
- Electron Probes;
- Electrostatic Probes;
- Ionospheric Electron Density;
- Particle Trajectories;
- Atmospheric Heat Budget;
- Electron Beams;
- Gold Coatings;
- Magnetic Shielding;
- Satellite-Borne Instruments;
- Instrumentation and Photography;
- 29.40.-n;
- Radiation detectors