The second Z-propagation window
Abstract
The characteristics of the 'Ellis window' studied by Ellis (1956, 1962) are briefly examined and a description is given of a second window which is relevant to the escape of Z-mode radiation produced naturally in the topside ionosphere. In any computation of hiss intensities it is important to consider the possible contribution from radiation which has passed through the second Z-propagation window considered.
- Publication:
-
Nature
- Pub Date:
- August 1976
- DOI:
- 10.1038/262674a0
- Bibcode:
- 1976Natur.262..674J
- Keywords:
-
- Atmospheric Windows;
- Ionospheric Propagation;
- Propagation Modes;
- Radio Waves;
- Upper Ionosphere;
- Whistlers;
- Charged Particles;
- Hiss;
- Magnetic Effects;
- Magnetic Fields;
- Noise Generators;
- Satellite Observation;
- Wave Propagation;
- Geophysics