Electronic circuits showing a level-independent phase shift for hydrogen-maser work applications
Abstract
The origin of spurious level-dependent phase shifts occuring in amplifiers is analyzed. The effects of nonlinearities in transistors and of a bandwidth limitation are stated. Rules for the design of electronic circuits in which this effect must be minimized are given. Experimental results related to a 40-dB amplifier and to an amplitude limiter, both at 5.75 kHz, are described. The tuning of a hydrogen-maser cavity with the condition that the phase of oscillation does not depend on the amplitude of oscillation is considered. A preliminary precise test of the method is reported and discussed.
- Publication:
-
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation Measurement
- Pub Date:
- December 1976
- DOI:
- 10.1109/TIM.1976.6312265
- Bibcode:
- 1976ITIM...25..465B
- Keywords:
-
- Electronic Control;
- Gas Masers;
- Hydrogen Atoms;
- Maser Outputs;
- Microwave Amplifiers;
- Phase Shift;
- Amplitude Modulation;
- Atomic Beams;
- Bandwidth;
- Bipolar Transistors;
- Cavity Resonators;
- Frequency Shift;
- Laser Cavities;
- Network Synthesis;
- Nonlinear Systems;
- Transistor Amplifiers;
- Lasers and Masers