On the visibility of luminance fluctuations in television pictures, and exposure variations in motion picture film

The use of discharge lamps as light sources in motion picture film work can lead to a cyclic variation in frame-to-frame exposure. This in turn can cause the overall luminance of the displayed picture to fluctuate. The visibility of such luminance fluctuations over the frequency range 0.1 - 12.5 Hz is investigated, and limits of film exposure variation, over the same variation-frequency range, below which these picture luminance fluctuations should not be visible are recommended.