The use of the CNDO method in spectroscopy. Naphthalene and the breakdown of the pairing theorems

It is shown that {CNDO}/{S} calculations provide 6 significant figures of accuracy in the energies of configurations, and 4 significant figures after configuration interaction. The pairing theorem is shown not to hold in the {CNDO}/{S} method since all F_μν are calculated and since the F_μμ are not constant. It is further shown that the degeneracies required by the pairing theorem are not even approximated in naphthalene. Finally, using absorption and emission spectroscopic measurements, including triplet-triplet and excited singlet-singlet absorptions, the spectroscopic states of naphthalene are discussed in detail.