Ground-based radio ducts in northern India
Abstract
A study of the occurrence of ducting conditions in northern India is carried out using a ducting criterion based on ray-tracing techniques applied to two and a half years of radiosonde observations from four stations representing different climatic conditions in northern India from west to east. Duct gradient, duct thickness, trapping angle, and minimum frequency of trapping are the duct parameters analyzed. The maximum percentage of duct occurrence at New Delhi was 21%. The maximum refractivity gradient observed was -611 N units per km at New Delhi. Maximum angle of penetration was 12.51 mrad. The minimum frequency of trapping is as low as 13.64 MHz.
- Publication:
-
Indian Journal of Radio and Space Physics
- Pub Date:
- December 1973
- Bibcode:
- 1973IJRSP...2..278S
- Keywords:
-
- Atmospheric Refraction;
- Propagation Modes;
- Radio Transmission;
- Ray Tracing;
- Annual Variations;
- Ground Stations;
- Radio Meteorology;
- Radiosondes;
- Refractivity;
- Communications and Radar