Extension of quantum molecular dynamics and its application to heavy-ion collisions

In order to treat low-energy heavy-ion reactions, we make an extension of quantum molecular dynamics method. A phenomenological Pauli potential is introduced into effective interactions to approximate the nature of the fermion many-body system. We treat the widths of nucleon wave packets as time-dependent dynamical variables. With these modifications, our model can well describe the ground-state properties in wide mass range. Improvements due to the extension are also obtained in the low and medium-low energy nucleus-nucleus collision calculations.