Stokesmeter observations of large-scale solar magnetic fields in different spectral lines, and diagnostics of fine-structure magnetic elements

The temperature, velocity and magnetic field structures of solar atmosphere are extremely in-homogeneous under consideration on a small spatial scales. This fact is the reason of significant difficulties in the attempts of disambiguous interpretation of observations. Particularly informative for investigation of the complex polarized radiation formation processes in the dynamic solar atmosphere with a fine-structured organization of magnetic fields are the distributions across the solar disk of the amplitude asymmetry (delta a) and area asymmetry (delta A) of Stokes profiles, as well as of the strength ratios R in different combinations of spectral lines. At this paper such information has been obtained using the Stokesmeter of the STOP telescope at the Sayan observatory. It was found that for some Fraunhofer lines the distribution of R has an evident equatorial-polar asymmetry, which is difficult to explain yet. Additionally this paper presents some new results of the theoretical simulation (with different parameters of magnetic flux tubes models and of the medium in their neighborhood) of the center-to-limb variations of delta A on the example of the FeI λ 525.02 nm spectral line and of the R = B_{525.02}/B_{524.70}. The conclusion is made that a reasonably good agreement theory and experimental data can be achieved, for the time being, only for the central regions of the disk.