Higher harmonics generation by a spiraling ion beam in collisionless magnetized plasma

A spiraling ion beam propagating through a magnetized plasma cylinder containing K⁺ light positive ions, electrons, and C ₇ F ₁₄ ^- heavy negative ions drives electrostatic ion-cyclotron waves to instability via cyclotron interaction. Higher harmonics of the beam cyclotron frequency can be generated in this way. The unstable mode frequencies and growth rates of both unstable light positive ions and heavy negative ions increase with the relative density of heavy negative ions. Moreover, the growth rate of unstable modes scales as the one-third power of the beam density. The growth rate of unstable modes increases with harmonic number. The frequencies of both unstable modes also increase with magnetic fields. In addition, the real part of both unstable modes (K⁺ and C ₇ F ₁₄ ^-) increases with the beam energy and scales as almost one-half power of the beam energy.