Experimental verification of the reciprocity theorem for antennas and electron plasma waves

The reciprocity theorem for monopole antennas, a gridded parallel plate, parallel-plane grids and a plane plate, which radiate and receive an electron plasma wave in an unbounded plasma, is introduced theoretically, based on the electron fluid model. The theorem holds experimentally if the d.c. bias potential of antennas is lower than about the floating potential. The measured reception pattern of an antenna is equal to its radiation pattern. The wave amplitude and the impedance between the antenna and the plasma are measured experimentally.