Green, Turquoise, Blue, or Grey? Environmentally friendly Hydrogen Production in Transforming Energy Systems
Abstract
Production technologies for green, turquoise, blue and grey hydrogen are reviewed Environmental impacts of nine process configurations are quantified and compared Transitions from one hydrogen production technology to another are anticipated Bridging technologies may play a key role in the transition to a sustainable hydrogen economy Supply chains are decisive factors for the impacts of hydrogen production Regional differences in supply chains affect the impacts of hydrogen production
- Publication:
-
Progress in Energy and Combustion Science
- Pub Date:
- May 2022
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.pecs.2022.100996
- Bibcode:
- 2022PECS...9000996H
- Keywords:
-
- Renewable Energy;
- Hydrogen Production Technologies;
- Water Electrolysis;
- Life Cycle Assessment;
- Sustainability;
- CCS;
- Carbon capture and storage;
- DE;
- Germany;
- EOR;
- Enhanced oil recovery;
- EWS;
- Europe without Switzerland;
- GHG;
- Greenhouse gas emissions;
- GLO;
- global;
- GWI;
- Global warming impact;
- defined as gram CO<SUB loc="post">2</SUB>-eq. released per unit;
- HHV;
- Higher heating value;
- IEA;
- International Energy Agency;
- IEAGHG;
- IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme;
- ILCD;
- International reference life cycle data system;
- ISO;
- International Organization for Standardization;
- LCA;
- Life cycle assessment;
- LCI;
- Life cycle inventory;
- LCIA;
- Life cycle impact assessment;
- LHV;
- Lower heating value;
- MDEA;
- Methyldiethanolamine;
- MEA;
- Monoethanolamine;
- MP;
- Methane pyrolysis;
- MP-C;
- Methane pyrolysis with heat supplied from carbon;
- MP-E;
- Methane pyrolysis with heat supplied from electricity;
- MP-H<SUB loc="post">2</SUB>;
- Methane pyrolysis with heat supplied from hydrogen;
- MP-NG;
- Methane pyrolysis with heat supplied from natural gas;
- Mt/a;
- Million metric tons per year;
- NG;
- Natural gas;
- RES;
- Renewable energy source;
- PEMEL;
- Polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis;
- PSA;
- Pressure swing absorption;
- RER;
- Europe;
- RoW;
- Rest of the world;
- SMR;
- Steam methane reforming;
- SMR-CCS;
- Steam methane reforming with carbon capture and storage;
- SOEL;
- Solid oxide water electrolysis;
- TRL;
- Technology readiness level;
- WGS;
- Water gas shift