High-Resolution Spectral and Anisotropy Characteristics of Solar Protons During the GLE N∘73 on 28 October 2021 Derived with Neutron-Monitor Data Analysis
Abstract
The first ground-level enhancement of the current Solar Cycle 25 occurred on 28 October 2021. It was observed by several space-borne and ground-based instruments, specifically neutron monitors. A moderate count-rate increase over the background was observed by high-altitude polar stations on the South Pole and Dome C stations at the Antarctic plateau. Most of the neutron monitors registered only marginal count-rate increases. Using detrended records and employing a method verified by direct space-borne measurements, we derive the rigidity spectra and angular distributions of the incoming solar protons in the vicinity of Earth. For the analysis, we employed a newly computed and parameterized neutron-monitor yield function. The rigidity spectra and anisotropy of solar protons were obtained in their time evolution throughout the event. A comparison with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron (SOHO/ENRE) experiment data is also performed. We briefly discuss the results derived from our analysis.
- Publication:
-
Solar Physics
- Pub Date:
- July 2022
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s11207-022-02026-0
- Bibcode:
- 2022SoPh..297...88M
- Keywords:
-
- Solar energetic particles;
- Ground-level enhancement;
- Neutron monitor;
- Data analysis