Experimental investigation on the buoyancy-induced flow in a model of the Czochralski crystal growth process

Within this paper we present a model experiment focusing on investigations of the flow field in a Czochralski puller. Low melting point liquid metals as GaInSn are an important tool to investigate the flow structure for such industrial processes. The topology of the prevailing thermally-driven convection might be very complex and is mainly determined by the aspect ratio of the liquid volume and the strength of the convection described by the characteristic dimensionless Grashof number. The measurements of the fluid flow have been conducted by means of the ultrasound Doppler velocimetry (UDV) with and without the influence of external magnetic fields. Two kinds of sensor configurations were used to investigate the flow. Firstly, measurements of the radial velocity component by means of single UDV transducers were carried out shortly below the melt surface across the entire diameter of the cylindrical liquid column at various azimuthal angles. Secondly, a vertically arranged UDV array was applied at the side of the cylinder to obtain more detailed information about the radial velocities in the covered meridional plane. The results reveal the complex flow structure of natural convection in a Czochralski crucible which gains in complexity with applied external magnetic fields.