Search for giant planets in M67. III. Excess of hot Jupiters in dense open clusters
Abstract
Since 2008 we used high-precision radial velocity (RV) measurements obtained with different telescopes to detect signatures of massive planets around main-sequence and evolved stars of the open cluster (OC) M67. We aimed to perform a long-term study on giant planet formation in open clusters and determine how this formation depends on stellar mass and chemical composition. A new hot Jupiter (HJ) around the main-sequence star YBP401 is reported in this work. An update of the RV measurements for the two HJ host-stars YBP1194 and YBP1514 is also discussed. Our sample of 66 main-sequence and turnoff stars includes 3 HJs, which indicates a high rate of HJs in this cluster (5.6% for single stars and 4.5%% for the full sample). This rate is much higher than what has been discovered in the field, either with RV surveys or by transits. High metallicity is not a cause for the excess of HJs in M67, nor can the excess be attributed to high stellar masses. When combining this rate with the non-zero eccentricity of the orbits, our results are qualitatively consistent with a HJ formation scenario dominated by strong encounters with other stars or binary companions and subsequent planet-planet scattering, as predicted by N-body simulations.
Based on observations collected at the ESO 3.6 m telescope (La Silla), at the 1.93 m telescope of the Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), at the Hobby Eberly Telescope (HET), at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG, La Palma) and at the Euler Swiss Telescope.- Publication:
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Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Pub Date:
- July 2016
- DOI:
- 10.1051/0004-6361/201527561
- arXiv:
- arXiv:1606.05247
- Bibcode:
- 2016A&A...592L...1B
- Keywords:
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- planets and satellites: gaseous planets;
- techniques: radial velocities;
- Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
- E-Print:
- Accepted for publication in A&